Carburetor



J. W. PARMN CARBURETOR Filed Fe vl 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VE N TORU215 ep7z/ WfarRm Nov. 27, 1923. 1,475,719 J. w. PARKIN GARBURETOR FiledFeb. '7, 1922 2 SheetsSheet 2 ATTO NE) Patented Nov. 27, 1923.

JOSEPH W. PARKIN F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

CARBURETOR.

Application filed February 7, 1922. Serial No. 534,684.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, .losicrn \V. PARKIN. acitizen of the United States. residing at Philadelphia, in the county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Carburetors, of which the following is aspecification.

The object of this invention is to provide a carburetor for internalcombustion engines with novel, simple and efiicient means under thecontrol of different degrees of suction created within the carburetingpassage to automatically regulate the supply of liquidv the mixtureoutlet of the carbureting pas-' sage, in combination with means actingindependently of" the throttle valve and controlled automaticallybydifferent degrees of suction created within the carbureting passage forcausing the fuel discharge openings successively to'conti 'ol the supplyof fuel to the carbureting passage.

With the above and related objects in view, the invention consists ofthe elements and combinations of the elements of the carburetor as willbe hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustratin the invention,

igure 1 is a side view of a carburetor embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a top view thereof.

Figures '3 and 4 are vertical sections thereof, on lines 33 and 4-4, ofFigs. 2 and 1, respectively.

Referring to the drawings, 2 designatesa casing having formed therein acarbureting passage 5 and a chamber 6 for the reception of gasoline orother suitable liquid fuel.

The carbureting passage 5 is divided into an inlet end nortion 7 and anoutlet end portion 8 of cross sectional than that of the portion 7. Theoutlet end portion 8 is adapted to be connected to the intake passage ormanifold of an internal combustion engine. so that. during, theoperation of the engine. air will be drawn into and through thecarbureting passage 5 in the usual anner. I

The entrance to theinlet portion 7 of the passage 5 is provided with asuitable choke valve 9 for the usual purpose, and the exit of the outletportion 8 of the passage 5 provided with a suitable throttle valve 10for varying, in the usual manner, the degree of suction created withinthe passage 5 by the engine.

The top of the fuel chamber 6 is closed by a removable cap or cover 11which is secured to the casing 2 by cap screws 12.

A chamber 21 is formed on the cover 11 by a transparent cylinder 14which with lower and upper packing washers 13 and 15, respectively, isclamped between the cover 11 and a head 17 having a stem 18 screwed intoa projecting post 19 on the cover 11.

Liquid fuel is supplied to the chamber 6 through a pipe 22 screwed intothe cover 11. apassa ge in the cover 11, the ihamber 21, passages 23 and24 in the post 19 and a passage 25 in a stem 26 screwed into the cover11.

A float 33 slidable on a fixed guiding post 34 within the chambei' tlmaintains the liquid fuel at a predetermined level therein by a bracket32, carried by the float 33, engaging a valve pin 29 whose upper endcloses the passage 25 wh n the float 33 is raised. The valve pin 29slides within an opening in the lower portion 28 of the stem 26 and isprovided with a transverse pin 30 which extends into an opening 27 inthe stem 26 and prevents the valve pin 29 from falling from the stem 26when the cover 11 is removed from the casing 2.

Downward movement of the float 33 is limited by the engagement of thebracket 32 with the top of the post 34; and a screen 31 surrounding thepost 19 prevents dirt and foreign substances from entering the passage23 with the liquid fuel.

The lower portion of the chamber 6 communieates with a passage 35 whichextends outwardly through the casing 2'and terminates in a part or plug36 having a fuel passage therein screwed into the casing 2.

The part 36 discharges into a transverse passage 37 having two spaced,upwardly extending branches 38 and 39 formed in parts of the casing 2.The upper ends of the passages, 38 and 39 terminate in nozzles 40' and41 formed by plugs which are screwed into the casing from wi hin thecarbureting passage Thelevel of liquid fuel automatically maintained bythefloat 33 within the chamber 6 and the passage 37 and its branches 38and 39 is a slight distance below the top of the main fuel nozzle 40.The member 32 is formed of bendable metal of a character which willremain. in the shape or condition into which it is bent and be ofsufiicient stiffness to perform its function. It will therefore beunderstood that by bending the member 32 to raise or lower that portionthereof which extends between the post 34 and valve 29 the levelofliquid fuel automatically maintained by the float 33 may beraised orlowered for the attainment of the best results.

The fuel nozzle 40 discharges into the outlet portion 8 of the passage 5and the fuel nozzle 41 discharges into the inlet portion 7 of thepassage 5 at a higher level than that of the nozzle 40, as shown in Fig.3, to prevent suction within the passage 5 from accidentally drawingliquid fuel from the nozzle 41 when it is not desired. The openingin'the part 36 which controlsthe quantity of liquid dischargedtherethrough is of greater cross sectional area than that of the nozzle40 and of less cross sectional area than that of'thc nozzle 41 forpurposes hereinafter explained, and the upper end portions of theopenings or passages of the nozzles 40 and 41 are flared outwardly, asshown.

The cross sectional area of the passage 37 and of each of its branches38 and 39 is greater than that ofthe opening in the supply part 36 toprovide storage space for.

liquid fuel to be supplied to the nozzle 41, as .will hereinafterappear.

The effective cross sectional area of the passage5=betweenthe nozzles 40and 41 and between the nozzle 41 and the throttle valve 10 is varied andcontrolled by a valve 42 which operates automatically under theinfluence of different degrees .of suction created within the passage 5by the operation of the engine at different speeds. The valve 42comprises a plate secured toand extend- -ing above and below a shaft 43which is mounted toturn inbearings formed by a cap or cover 44 which issecured upon the casing 2 over the passage 5 by cap-ascrews 45. Thecover 44 closes an opening in the top wall of the inner end of theoutlet portion 8 of the passage 5 through which the lower portion of thevalve plate 42 extends.

The upper end portion of the plate 42 is adapted to wol -rk within acavity or opening formedi'n i' -the cover 44, and the lower portion ofthe plate 42 is adapted to move toward @Iljd froma closed positionagainst a. transverse wall 46 at the meeting ends inner. end portion ofthe spring 47 is inserted into an opening in the cover 44, and the outerend portion of the spring 44 is in;

serted'into' an opening in a head 48 on the shaft43. The head 48 isprevented from turning relatively to the shaft 43 by a pin 49 whichextends transversely through the shaft 43 and engages the walls of oneoftwo pairs of alined radial "grooves 50 formed in the outer end of thehead 48. The spring 47 not only acts to turn the shaft 43 and press thevalve plate 42 toward the wall 46 but it also exerts an outward pressureagainst the head 48 and prevents accidental disengagement of the head 48from the pin 49. The degree of pressure of the spring 47 against thevalve plate 42 maybe regulated by pressing the head 48 inwardly todisengage it from the pin 49, turning the head 48 to vary the springpressure, and 'then re-engaging the head with the pin.

The movement of the valve plate 42 toward the wall 46 or closed positionis limited by the inner end of an adjustable stop screw 51 which isadapted to be engaged by the upper end portion of the plate 42; tocontrol the initial position of the valve and the movement of the valveplate 42 away fromthe wall 46 ,is limited by the lower end of anadjustable stop screw 52 which is adapted to be engaged by the lower end'portionof the plate 42 to control the wide walls 53 and 54 of the cover44, and the parts of the split walls are adapted to be drawn together tolock the stop screws in different positions of adjustment by suitablelocking screws 55 and 56, respectively, adapted to draw the parts of thesplit walls together to lock the stop screws therein.

The operation of the carburetor is as follows:

When the engine is idling or running at slow speed under alight load theupper end of the valve plate 42 is engaged, with or close to the stopscrew 51 and the lower portion of the valve plate 42 is close to itsclosed position reducing the effective cross sectional area of thepassage 5 between the nozzles 40 and 41 to a considerable extent,causing the suction created within the passage 5 by the engine to drawgasoline or liquid fuel only from the nozzle 40 and mix it with the airbeing drawn into and through the carbureting passage 5. The smallopening of the nozzle 40 controls the desired small quantity of liquidfuel required for slow engine speed nozzles 40 and 41.

When the throttle valve 10 is opened to increase the engine speed,increased suction is created within the carbureting passage 5 and suchincreased suction draws the valve plate 42 toward the stop screw 52against the action of the spring 47 and increases the effective crosssectional area of the passage 5 in the region of the nozzle 40. Duringthe movement of the valve plate 42 toward the stop screw 52 theincreased suction continues to draw liquid fuel from the nozzle 40 untilthe valve plate 42 reaches a position in which the suction over thenozzle 41 is greater than the suction over the nozzle 40, due to thereduced position of the valve 42 and the cross sectional area of inletportion 7 of the passage 5 into which the nozzle 41 opens. When thesuction over the nozzle 41 is great enough to draw liquid fueltherefrom, the suction over the nozzle 40 has been reduced sufiicientlyto prevent it from drawing fuel therefrom and the quantity of fuelsupplied to the passage 5 is increased and governed by the opening ofthe nozzle 41 which is larger than the openingof the nozzle 40. As theopen ing of the nozzle 41 is also larger than the opening of the part 36the fuel supplied through the nozzle 41 is not only drawn from thechamber 6 through the part 36 but also from the well or branch 38 of thepassage 37 until the branch 38 is emptied and the part 36 governs thequantity of fuel being supplied to the passage 5 through the largeropening of the nozzle 41. After the suction begins to draw fuel throughthe nozzle 41, the quantity of fuel rawn into the carbureting'passage 5is limited only by the opening of the nozzle 41 until there isinsuflicicnt fuel within the passage 37 and its branches 38 and 39 tosupply the nozzle 41 at its full capacity, and, t ereaftelgthe quantityof fuel supplied through the nozzle 41 is reduced and governed by thepart 36 under increased suction created within the carbureting paS- sageby the engine as it reaches and continues to operate at high speed.

It will now be understood that when the engine is running at low speedor idling the opening of the nozzle 40 will govern the quantity ofliquid fuel supplied to the carbureting passage 5, that when the engineis running at high speed the opening of the part 36 will govern thequantity of liquid fuel supplied to the passage 5, and that during thepick 11 or intermediate speeds between the low and high speeds theopening of the nozzle 41 at its maximum capacity will govern thequantity of liquid fuel supplied to the passage 5, automaticallysupplying the desired rich mixture for intermediate speeds or a quickpick up when the load'is on the engine, and, thereafter, automaticallyre ducing the quantity of liquid fuel for the best results after theengine reaches and continues to operate at high speed. As the speed ofthe engine decreases either by moving the throttle valve 10 toward itsclosed position, or by a heavy load upon the engine, the air valve 42automatically moves back toward its closed position, the liquid fuelfills both branches 38 and 39 of the passage 37 and the carburetor isagain ready to be operated for another increase in engine speed.

It will be observed that the air valve 42 is free to move either towardits initial position against the stop screw 50 or toward its full openposition against the stop screw 52 independently of the throttle valve10, permitting the valve 42 to move toward its full open position forthe regulation of the liquid fuel supply as the engine increases itsspeed due to a reduction of the load thereon while the position of thethrottle valve 10 remains unchanged, and permitting the valve 42 to moveback toward its initial position for the regulation of the liquid fuelsupply as the engine decreases its speed due to an increased loadthereon while the position of the throttle valve remains unchanged.

After high speed has been reached and when the part 36 is in control ofthe quantity of gasoline being supplied to the carbureting passage 5,the suction created within the passage 5 not only draws liquid fuel fromthe part 36 through the passage-37, its branch 39 and nozzle 41, but italso draws air down through the nozzle 40, branch passage 38, passage37, branch passage 39 and nozzle 41 for a preliminary mixture before theliquid fuel enters the carbureting passage 5, thereby assisting in thevaporization of liquid fuel.

I claim as my invention:

1. A carburetor comprising a casing having a carbureting passageprovided with an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling the mixture outlet, a main fuel nozzle having a dischargeopening communicating with said passage, a second fuel nozzle.communicating with said passage be tween the main nozzle and thethrottle valve and having a discharge opening of less cross sectionalarea than that of the main nozzle, 'a fuel feed controlling partdischarging into a divided passage which leads to said nozzles. said pha ing a discharge opening of less cross secnonal area than that of themain nozzle and of great ""oss s ctional area than that of the scoop.named nozzle, means to supply liquid fuel t'o said part. and a yieldablevalve associated wit the carbureting passage and arranged to ctautomatically under the influence of progressively increasing degrees ofsuction created therein to vary the effective cross sectional area ofthe carbureting passage between the main nozzle and the throttl valve.

2. A carburetor comprising a casing having a carbureting passageprovided with an air inlet and a mixture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling the mixture outlet, a main fuel nozzle having a dischargeopening communicating with said passage, a second fuel nozzlecommunicating with said passage between the main nozzle and the throttlevalve and having a discharge opening of less cross sectional area thanthat of the mainnozzle, a fuel feed controlling part discharging into adivided passage which leads to said nozzles, said part having adischarge opening of less cross sectional area than that of the mainnozzle and of greater cross sectional area than that of the second namednozzle, means to supply liquid fuel to said part, a yieldable valveassociated with the carbureting passage and arranged to actautomatically under the influence of progressively increasing degrees ofsuction created therein to varythe effective cross sectional area of thecarbureting passage between the main nozzle and the throttle valve, andmeans for adjusting the initial position of the yieldable valve.

3. A carburetor comprising a casing having a carbureting passageprovided with an air inlet and a miir'ture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling the mixture outlet, a main fuel nozzle having a dischargeopening communicating with said passage, a second fuel nozzlecommunicating with said passage between the main nozzle and the throttlevalve and having a discharge opening of less cross sectional area thanthat of the main nozzle,

a fuel feed controlling part discharging into a divided passage whichleads to saidnozzles, said part having a discharge opening of less crosssectional area than that of the main nozzle and of greater crosssectional area than that of the second named nozzle,

means to supply liquid fuel to said part, a yieldablevalve associatedwith the carbureting passage and arranged to actautomatically under theinfluence of progressively increasing degrees of suction created thereinto vary the effective cross sectional area of the carbureting passage.between the main nozzle and the throttle valve, and an adj ustablespring opposing the opening of the yieldable valve.

4. A carburetor comprising a casing having a carbureting passageprovided with an air inletand a mixture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling the mixture outlet, a main fuel nozzle having a dischargeopening communicating with said passage, a second fuel nozzlecommunicating with said passage between the main nozzle and the throttlevalve and having a discharge opening of less cross sectional area thanthat of the main nozzle, a fuel feed controlling part discharging into adivided passage which leads to said nozzles, said part having adischarge opening of less cross sectional area than that of the mainnozzle and -of greater cross sectional area than .that of the secondnamed nozzle, means to supply liquid fuel to said part, and a springpressed valve pivotally connected to the casing above the nozzles andhaving a .lower end portion movable from a position between said nozzlestoward and from the throttle valve and arranged to'act automaticallyunder the influence of progressively increasing degrees of suctioncreated therein to vary the effective cross sectional area of thecarbureting passage.

5. A carburetor comprising a casing hav' ing a carbureting passageprovided with an 'air .inlet and a mixture outlet, a throttle valvecontrolling the mixture outlet, a main fuel nozzle having a dischargeopening communicating with said passage, a second fuel nozzlecommunicating with said passage between the main nozzle and the throttlevalve andh ving a discharge opening of less cross sectioili'al area thanthat of the main nozzle, a fuelfffeed controlling part discharging intoa divided passage which leads to said .nozzles, said part having adischarge opening of less cross sectional area than that of the mainnozzle and of greater cross sectional area than that of the second namednozzle, means to supply liquid fuel to said part, a spring pressed valvepivotally connected to the casing above the nozzles and having a lowerend portion movable from a position between said nozzles toward and fromthe throttle valve and arranged to act automatically' under theinfluence of progressively in creasing degrees of suction createdtherein to Vary the effective cross sectional area of thecarburetingpassage, means for adjusting the initial position of the springpressedvalve, and an adjustable spring opposing the opening of the lastnamed valve.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature hereto.

' JOSEPH W. PARKIN.

